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Important
facta
on phylogeny and identification of Parnassiinae at Wikipedia
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PAPILIONIDAE Latreille, [1802] Baroniinae Bryk, 1913 Baronia Salvin, 1893 1. Baronia brevicornis Salvin, 1893 Subfamily Parnassiinae Tribe: Parnassiini Genus: Archon Hübner 2. Archon apollinus Herbst, 1798 Genus: Hypermnestra Ménétriés 3. Hypermnestra helios Nickerl, 1846 Genus: Parnassius Latreille Species-group szechenyii 4. Parnassius széchenyii Frivaldsky, 1886 5. Parnassius cephalus Grigorii Efimovich Grum-Grshimailo, 1891 6. Parnassius maharaja Andrei Nikolaevich Avinov, 1916 7. Parnassius delphius Eduard Alexandrovich Eversmann, 1843 8. Parnassius stoliczkanus C & R Felder, 1864 9. Parnassius patricius Niepelt, 1911 10. Parnassius acdestis Grigorii Efimovich Grum-Grshimailo, 1891 11. Parnassius imperator Christian Oberthür, 1883 12. Parnassius charltonius G R Gray, 1852 13. Parnassius inopinatus Kotzsch, 1940 14. Parnassius loxias Püngeler, 1901 15. Parnassius autocrator Andrei Nikolaevich Avinov, 1913 16. Parnassius tenedius Eduard Alexandrovich Eversmann,1851 17. Parnassius acco G B Gray, 1853 18. Parnassius przewalskii Sergei Nikolaevich Alpheraky, 1887 19. Parnassius hannyngtoni Andrei Nikolaevich Avinov, 1916 20. Parnassius simo J E Gray, 1853 21. Parnassius hardwickii J E Gray ,1831 22. Parnassius orleans Christian Oberthür, 1890 23. Parnassius clodius Eduard Petrovich Ménétriés, 1855 24. Parnassius eversmanni Eduard Petrovich Ménétriés, 1850 25. Parnassius felderi O V Bremer, 1861 26. Parnassius ariadne Lederer, 1853(= Parnassius clarius Eduard Alexandrovich Eversmann, 1843) 27. Parnassius nordmanni Eduard Petrovich Ménétriés, 1850 28. Parnassius mnemosyne Linnaeus, 1758 29. Parnassius stubbendorfi Eduard Petrovich Ménétriés, 1849 30. Parnassius glacialis Butler, 1866 31. Parnassius apollonius Eduard Alexandrovich Eversmann ,1847 32. Parnassius honrathi Otto Staudinger, 1882 33. Parnassius bremeri Jean Baptiste Alphonse d´Echauffor Boisduval, 1836 34. Parnassius jacquemontii Jean Baptiste Alphonse d´Echauffor Boisduval, 1836 35. Parnassius epaphus Christian Oberthür, 1879 36. Parnassius actius Eduard Alexandrovich Eversmann, 1843 37. Parnassius phoebus Christian Fabricius, 1793 38. Parnassius tianschanicus Christian Oberthür, 1879 39. Parnassius nomion Jacob Hübner, 1799 & G I Fischer von Waldheim, 1823 40. Parnassius apollo Linnaeus, 1758
Zerynthiini Sericinius Westwood 1851 41.Sericinius montela Gray, 1843 / telamon Edward Donovan, 1798
Allancastria Bryk 1934 42. Allancastria cerisyi Godart, 1824 43. Allancastria deyrollei C Oberthür, 1872 44. Allancastria caucasica Lederer, 1864 45. Allancastria louristana Le Cerf, 1908
Zerynthia Ochsenheimer 1816 46. Zerynthia polyxena Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775 47. Zerynthia rumina Carl von Linné, 1758
Bhutanitis Atkinson 48. Bhutanitis mansfieldi Riley, 1939 49. Bhutanitis thaidina Blanchard, 1871 50. Bhutanitis lidderdalii Atkinson, 1873 51. Bhutanitis ludlowi Gabriel, 1942
Luehdorfia Crüger 1878 52. Luehdorfia chinensis Leech, 1893 53. Luehdorfia japonica Leech, 1889 54. Luehdorfia puziloi Nikolai Grigorievich Ershov, 1872
Not listed in the IUCN Red Data Book nomenclature
Shown in alphabetical order on page 3 Archon Hübner 55. Archon apollinaris Otto Staudinger, 1892 56. Archon bostanchii De Freina & Naderi, 2003 Parnassius Latreille 57. Parnassius andreji Carl Eisner, 1930 58. Parnassius arcticus Carl Eisner, 1968 59. Parnassius augustus Hans Fruhstorfer, 1903 80. Parnassius bayleyi South, 1927 61. Parnassius boëdromius Püngeler, 1901 62. Parnassius cardinal Grigorii Efimovich Grum-Grshimailo, 1887 63. Parnassius davydovi Sergei Churkin, 2005 64. Parnassius dongalaicus Tytler, 1926 65. Parnassius huberi Vladimir Paulus, 1999 66. Parnassius hide Satoshi Koiwaya, 1987 67. Parnassius hunza Grigorii Efimovich Grum-Grshimailo, 1888 68. Parnassius jacobsoni Andrei Nikolaevich Avinov, 1913 69. Parnassius kiritschenkoi Andrei Nikolaevich Avinov, 1910 70. Parnassius labeyriei Jean-Claude Weiss & F Michel, 1989 71. Parnassius maximinus Otto Staudinger, 1891 72. Parnassius nadadevinensis D Weiss, 1990 73. Parnassius noséi Yasuyuki Watanabe, 1989 74 Parnassius schultei Jean-Claude Weiss & F Michel, 1989 75. Parnassius simonius Otto Staudinger, 1889 76. Parnassius staudingeri O Bang-Haas, 1882 77. Parnassius stenosemus Honrath, 1890 Allancastria Bryk 1934 78. Allancastria cretica Rebel, 1904 Zerynthia Ochsenheimer 1816 79. Luehdorfia longicaudata Lee, 1982
and his disciples - unfortunately only in
Swedish so far |
PAPILIONIDAE Latreille, [1802] [551 spp.] Baroniinae Bryk, 1913 [1 sp.] Baronia Salvin, 1893 Baronia brevicornis Salvin, 1893 Archon Hübner, [1822] [2 spp.] Archon apollinus Herbst, 1798 Archon apollinaris Staudinger, 1892 Hypermnestra Ménétriés, 1848 [1 sp.] Hypermnestra helios Nickerl, 1846 Parnassius Latreille, 1804 [47 spp.] Driopa Korshunov, 1988 [8 spp.] Parnassius (Driopa) ariadne Lederer, 1853 - clarius Eversmann, 1843 Parnassius (Driopa) clodius Ménétriés, 1855 Parnassius (Driopa) eversmanni Ménétriés, 1855 - felderi Bremer, 1861 - litoreus Stichel, 1907 Parnassius (Driopa) glacialis Butler, 1866 - sulphurus Antram, 1924 Parnassius (Driopa) mnemosyne Linnaeus, 1758 Parnassius (Driopa) nordmanni Ménétriés, 1850 Parnassius (Driopa) orleans Oberthür, 1890 Parnassius (Driopa) stubbendorfii Ménétriés, 1849 - hoenei Schweitzer, 1912 Kailasius Moore, 1902 [6 spp.] Parnassius (Kailasius) autocrator Avinov, 1913 Parnassius (Kailasius) charltonius Gray, [1853] Parnassius (Kailasius) imperator Oberthür, 1883 - augustus Fruhstorfer, 1903 Parnassius (Kailasius) inopinatus Kotzsch, 1940 Parnassius (Kailasius) loxias Püngeler, 1901 Parnassius (Kailasius) davydovi Churkin, 2005 Koramius Moore, 1902 [8 spp.] Parnassius (Koramius) acdestis Grum-Grshimailo, 1891 - liudongi Huang, 1999 Parnassius (Koramius) cardinal Grum-Grshimailo, 1887 Parnassius (Koramius) delphius (Eversmann, 1843) Parnassius (Koramius) maximinus Staudinger, 1891 Parnassius (Koramius) patricius Niepelt, 1911 - hide Koiwaya, 1987 - priamus Bryk, 1913 Parnassius (Koramius) staudingeri Bang-Haas, 1882 - kiritshenkoi Avinov, 1910 Parnassius (Koramius) stenosemus Honrath, 1890 Parnassius (Koramius) stoliczkanus Felder & Felder, 1865 - nandadevinensis Weiss, 1990 Parnassius Latreille, 1804 [13 spp.] Parnassius (Parnassius) actius Eversmann, 1843 Parnassius (Parnassius) apollo Linnaeus, 1758 Parnassius (Parnassius) apollonius Eversmann, 1847 Parnassius (Parnassius) bremeri Bremer, 1864 Parnassius (Parnassius) dongalaicus Tytler, 1926 - rikihiroi Kawasaki, 1995 Parnassius (Parnassius) epaphus Oberthür, 1879 Parnassius (Parnassius) honrathi Staudinger, 1882 Parnassius (Parnassius) jacquemontii Boisduval, 1836 Parnassius (Parnassius) nomion Fischer De Waldheim, 1823 Parnassius (Parnassius) phoebus Fabricius, 1793 - ruckbeili Deckert, 1909 Parnassius (Parnassius) sacerdos Stichel, 1906 Parnassius (Parnassius) smintheus Doubleday, 1847 - behrii Edwards, 1870 Parnassius (Parnassius) tianschanicus Oberthür, 1879 Sachaia Korshunov, 1988 [6 spp.] Parnassius (Sachaia) andreji Eisner, 1930 Parnassius (Sachaia) arctica Eisner, 1968 - ammosovi Korshunov, 1988 Parnassius (Sachaia) boëdromius Püngeler, 1901 Parnassius (Sachaia) simo Gray, [1853] Parnassius (Sachaia) simonius Staudinger, 1889 Parnassius (Sachaia) tenedius Eversmann, 1851 Tadumia Moore, 1902 [7 spp.] Parnassius (Tadumia) acco Gray, [1853] - baileyi South, 1913 - przewalskii Alpheraky, 1887 - rothschildianus Bryk, 1931 Parnassius (Tadumia) cephalus Grum-Grshimailo, 1891 - pythia Roth, 1932 Parnassius (Tadumia) hardwickii Gray, 1831 Parnassius (Tadumia) hunnyngtoni Avinoff, 1916 Parnassius (Tadumia) maharaja Avinoff, 1916 - labeyriei Weiss & Michel, 1989 - nosei Watanabe, 1990 Parnassius (Tadumia) schultei Weiss & Michel, 1989 - huberi Paulus, 1999 Parnassius (Tadumia) szechenyii Frivaldszky, 1886 - choui Huang & Shi, 1994 Luehdorfiini Chapman, 1895 [= Zerynthiini Grote, 1899] Bhutanitis Atkinson, 1873 [4 spp.] Bhutanitis lidderdalii Atkinson, 1873 Bhutanitis ludlowi Gabriel, 1942 Bhutanitis mansfieldi (Riley, 1939) - pulchristriata Saigusa & Lee, 1982 Bhutanitis thaidina Blanchard, 1871 - nigrilima Chou, 1992 - yulongensis Chou, 1992 Luehdorfia Crüger, 1878 [4 spp.] Luehdorfia chinensis Leech, 1893 Luehdorfia puziloi (Erschoff, 1872) Luehdorfia japonica Leech, 1889 Luehdorfia longicaudata Lee, 1982 - taibai Chou, 1994 Sericinus Westwood, 1851 [1 sp.] Sericinus montela Gray, 1852 Zerynthia Ochsenheimer, 1816 [7 spp.] Allancastria Bryk, 1934 Zerynthia (Allancastria) caucasica Lederer, 1864 Zerynthia (Allancastria) cerisy Godart, [1824] Zerynthia (Allancastria) cretica Rebel, 1904 Zerynthia (Allancastria) deyrollei Oberthür, 1869 Zerynthia (Allancastria) louristana Le Cerf, 1908 Zerynthia Ochsenheimer, 1816 Zerynthia (Zerynthia) polyxena [Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775 Zerynthia (Zerynthia) rumina Linnaeus, 1758 |
Baroniinae et Parnassiinae
Baronia Salvin, 1893
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Photo © G. Waldeck |
Mexico |
Baronia Larva on Acacia
cochliacantha 
Some pairs of of Archon apollinus ssp Photo © G. Waldeck |
Archon apollinus bellargus - stages of life cycle |
Greece, Bulgaria, Middle East |
False
Apollo
Hypermnestra Ménétriés
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Photo © G. Waldeck |
Afghanistan, Pakistan, Iran, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kirghizia, Turkmenistan |
3. Hypermnestra helios (Nickerl, 1846)
Desert Apollo Larva on Zygophyllum, Halimiphyllum
Parnassius Latreille, 1804
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Pairs of Parnassius széchenyii nominate and some subspecies Photo © G. Waldeck |
Tibet, W. China |
Parnassius cephalus nominate and some subspecies Photo © G. Waldeck |
Tibet, W. China |
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Parnassius m maharaja pair Photo © G. Waldeck |
Kashmir
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Some mixed samples of Parnassius delphius ssp. Photo © G. Waldeck |
Afghanistan, C. Asia, Pakistan, N. India, Kashmir, Tibet, W.China |
Banded Apollo |
Two pairs of Parnassius stoliczkanus ssp Photo © G. Waldeck |
Kashmir
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Ladak
Banded Apollo |
Pair of Parnassius patricius kardakoffi Photo © G. Waldeck |
Kirghizia, Turkmenistan
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Four pairs of Parnassius acdestis ssp Photo © G. Waldeck |
Kirghizia, Kashmir, Tibet, Sikkim, Bhutan, W.China |
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Parnsssius imperator nominate and some ssp Photo © G. Waldeck |
Tibet, W. China |
Imperial Apollo 
Samples of Parnassius charltonius nominate and some ssp Photo © G. Waldeck |
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Kirghizia, Tadzhikistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, N.India, Kashmir, Tibet
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Regal Apollo |
Photo © G. Waldeck |
Afghanistan |
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Photo © G. Waldeck |
Kirghizia, W.China |
14. Parnsssius loxias (Püngeler, 1901)
Dt. ent. Z. Iris 14:178
Larva on Corydalis krasnovi, Corydalis paniculigera
Described subspecies and forms:
Parnassius loxias subsp. raskemensis Avinoff, 1916
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Two pairs of Parnassius autocrator Photo © G. Waldeck |
Tadzhikistan, Afghanistan |
Trudy russk. ent. Obshch. 40(5):16
Samples of Parnassius tenedius Photo © G. Waldeck |
Yakutia, Tura, Chita, Mongolia |
Pairs of some acco ssp Photo © G. Waldeck |
Tibet, Kashmir, Sikkim |
Varnished
Apollo |
Photo © G. Waldeck |
Tibet, W. China |
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Pairs of two Parnassius hannyngtoni ssp Photo © G. Waldeck |
India, China, Bhutan |
Hannyngton's
Apollo |
Samples of Parnassius simo ssp Photo © G. Waldeck |
Tadzhikistan, Kirghizia, Kashmir, N.India, Tibet, W.China, Mongolia |
Blackedged
Apollo |
Pairs of Parnassius hardwicki nominate and two ssp Photo © G. Waldeck |
N.India, Kasmir, Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan |
Common Blue Apollo |
Pairs of Parnassius orleans nominate and three ssp Photo © G. Waldeck |
W. China |
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Pairs of Parnassius clodius nominate and three ssp Photo © G. Waldeck |
 Photo
© Denis Tumanov
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Alaska, British Columbia, Washington - Nevada |
Clodius Parnassian
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Copyright
© 2007 
Göran Waldeck All
rights reserved
Last updated April 15, 2008
